Hidradenitis suppurativa - 化膿性汗腺炎
化膿性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa)（第一階段）腋下。這是一個非常輕微的化膿性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa)病例。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesHidradenitis suppurativa 是一種慢性皮膚疾病，會反覆發作，嚴重影響您的生活。它是由毛囊發炎所致，常伴隨細菌感染。醫師會根據瘡口的類型（如結節、膿瘍或竇道）、發生部位（多見於皮膚皺褶處）、復發頻率與持續時間來進行診斷。
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
非生物和非手術治療通常單獨用於輕度疾病，亦可與生物治療或手術結合使用於中度至重度疾病。最近的研究提供了額外證據，證明直接注射於病變部位的皮質類固醇對熱射病發作及局部病變具有療效。此外，有證據顯示，單獨使用四環素的效果可能與克林黴素加利福平合併使用相當。
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
許多治療方法可用於化膿性汗腺炎，包括抗生素、類維生素A、抗雄激素、免疫抑制劑、抗發炎藥物以及早期病變的放射治療。最推薦的治療方式是阿達木單抗與雷射療法。對於其他治療效果不佳的嚴重或晚期病例，手術（簡單切除或完全局部切除並植皮）則為首選。
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
確切病因尚不明確，但認為與遺傳與環境因素共同作用有關，約有三分之一的患者有家族史。其他危險因子包括肥胖與吸菸。此病並非由感染或衛生條件不佳所致。
目前尚無根治方法。切開病變以引流的效果有限。雖然抗生素常被使用，但其療效證據有限；免疫抑制劑亦可考慮。對於病情較嚴重者，雷射治療或切除受累皮膚的手術可能是可行的。極少數情況下，皮膚病變可能演變為皮膚癌。
若將輕度的化膿性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa) 也納入統計，其發生率約為人口的 1%–4%。女性的診斷率約為男性的三倍，通常於成年早期發病。