Hidradenitis suppurativa - 化膿性汗腺炎
化膿性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa)（第一階段）腋下。這是一個非常輕微的化膿性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa)病例。
References
Hidradenitis suppurativa 是一種慢性皮膚病，會反覆發作，並會嚴重影響您的生活。它是由毛囊發炎引起的，通常會導致細菌感染。醫生通常會透過檢視您的瘡口類型（如結節、膿瘍或竇道）、瘡口所在位置（通常在皮膚皺褶處）、復發頻率和持續時間來診斷。
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
非生物和非手術治療通常單獨用於輕度疾病，可與生物治療和手術結合用於中度至重度疾病。最近的研究提供了額外的證據，證明使用直接注射到病變部位的皮質類固醇對於熱射病發作和局部病變的有效性。此外，有證據顯示單獨使用四環素可能與克林黴素與利福平合併使用一樣有效。
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
許多治療方法用於治療化膿性汗腺炎，包括抗生素、類維生素A、抗雄激素、免疫抑制藥物、抗發炎藥物和早期病變的放射治療。最推薦的治療方法是阿達木單抗和雷射療法。對於其他治療效果不佳的嚴重、晚期病例，手術（簡單切除或完全局部切除並植皮）是首選。
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
確切的原因通常尚不清楚，但據信涉及遺傳和環境因素的結合。大約三分之一的患者有受影響的家庭成員。其他危險因子包括肥胖和吸煙。這種情況不是由感染、衛生條件不佳引起的。
目前尚無治癒方法。切開病變部位以使其引流並不會產生顯著的益處。雖然抗生素很常用，但其使用的證據卻很少。也可以嘗試免疫抑制藥物。對於患有更嚴重疾病的患者，雷射治療或去除受影響皮膚的手術可能是可行的。在極少數情況下，皮膚病變可能會發展成皮膚癌。
如果包括 化膿性汗腺炎 (hidradenitis suppurativa) 的輕度病例，則其頻率估計為人口的 1-4%。女性被診斷出患有此病的可能性是男性的三倍。通常在成年早期發病。